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Elizabeth Arden Biography


Cosmetics Executive Elizabeth Arden Graham Sitting at Dressing Table in Her Home
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FAMOUS WOMEN AND BEAUTY

FEATURING: Elizabeth Arden Biography

December 31, 1878 - October 19, 1966

Florence Nightingale Graham, known under the business name Elizabeth Arden





I'm not interested in age. People who tell me their age are silly. You're as old as you feel."

- Elizabeth Arden



Elizabeth Arden Biography - the dream coming true

The lady, who would later become the world famous woman entrepreneur Elizabeth Arden, was born on 31st December 1878, in a small Canadian village of Woodbridge, Ontario. She was named Florence Nightingale Graham after the famous nurse of the 19th century, Florence Nightingale. Florence was the fourth child in a family.

The family’s financial misfortunes and her mother’s serious illness and subsequently death when Florence was just six-years-old, affected the character and personality of a young girl. While her brother and sisters had the normal children dreams about their future, Florence knew early what she was going to be. “I want to be the richest little woman in the world,” she said. Having said that, she did not know how she was going to reach this goal.

Elizabeth Arden Biography – family background

The father of Florence, William Graham, was born in Scotland in a family of a tenant farmer. William grew up with determination not follow his father’s path, but to work for himself. He had a passion for horses and talent for training them. By the time he met his future wife, Suzan, he had already built a reputation of a good horse rider who had won several races.

The mother, Suzan Tadd Graham came from a wealthy English family, who owned land and ships. Suzan grew up in Cornwall, on the southwest coast of England.

William and Suzan met at a local fare in Cornwall, where William arrived to participate in races. It was a love at first sight for both of them. The parents of Suzan found William inappropriate for their daughter and forbade her to see him. However, nothing could stop their love from growing stronger. William sold his horse, added the proceeds with his savings, and the newlyweds went to Canada to make a better start. Since then, Suzan had no contact with her parents.

In the early 1870’s Toronto was a difficult place to start. Unable to find any suitable job and pressed with financial problems, the family moved to the village of Woodbridge, on the north of Toronto. William rented a small farm, which gave his family the chance to survive.

His love for horses came in conflict with his work. Instead of buying workhorses, William bought second-class thoroughbreds with a hope to get back to racing in the future. His horses were not suitable for the hard work.

Suzan found it very difficult to adapt to the cold Canadian winters. Shortly after the birth of Florence she was diagnosed tuberculosis, the disease that had no treatment at that time. She had to delegate her responsibilities at the farm to her children. Florence was put in charge of the horse she adored.

With the help of the aunt of Suzan from England, Graham family was able to pay for their children schooling.

Florence was six, when her beloved mother died. This event affected the girl’s character, who was later always afraid of close relationships.


Elizabeth Arden Biography – school years

Florence was a very bright and capable girl. She dreamed of going to college, but her life turned otherwise. The financial help of her aunt stopped before the girl could finish high school. She had to think how to earn a living, and she had not a slightest idea what to do next.


Elizabeth Arden biography - nursing school

Thinking about her famous name, Florence decided that her future career would be in nursing.

The nursing school was in Toronto, where she would move to attend the classes. After a while, Florence understood that the nursing profession depressed and frightened her. At that time her business idea came for the first time into her mind. In a hospital laboratory she got to know a young man, who was trying to develop a formula against skin blemishes. Florence got very excited about using it as a beauty cream. She decided that she would work on it to sell it to women by mail. There were few beauty products available for women at that time.

She quit the nursing school and came back to Woodbridge.


Elizabeth Arden Biography – beginning of her career

Back home she began working on her beauty formula in the kitchen. It turned much more tough than she expected. When heated, the ingredients gave a terrible smell. Her father tolerated her experiments for a while, then gave her a choice either to get married or get a job.

Florence began as a receptionist, then teller in a bank, real estate secretary, receptionist for a dentist… She kept working very hard, and felt she was going nowhere. After some time she made a decision to move to New York, where her brother had a job. She thought there were much more opportunities there. Her father forbade her, but this could not stop her.


Elizabeth Arden Biography – the career in New York

Florence was thirty, when she moved to New York. She had a nice complexion and a very fair skin. She knew that she did not look her age, which was probably the reason she claimed she was twenty when she applied for her first jobs.

Although there were many immigrants looking for a job, Florence felt she possessed some important skills that distinguished her. She was good at bookkeeping, and she had a natural gift for selling and public relations.

New York fascinated her, she wanted to see everything, and studied fashionable ladies and fashionable places. The next step in Elizabeth Arden biography was in the direction of her dreams.

Florence found a job of a bookkeeper for E.R.Squibb and Sons, the pharmaceutical company. She made friends with several chemists of Squibb with a hope to solve her problems with her beauty formula. However, they did not share her opinion about the importance of creating such a product. Instead of giving up, she made an attempt to find the way around, by researching the competition.

Soon Florence was able to get a low-paid job of a cashier at a skin-treatment parlor of Mrs. Adair and waited for her chance. After a while she begged Mrs. Adair to train her to do the treatments. Mrs. Adair agreed on the condition that no extra money would be earned by Florence for doing the treatments. Florence agreed without hesitation. She was an eager learner and soon exceeded Mrs. Adair in her popularity with clients. The dream of Florence was no longer to sell the beauty cream by mail, but to have her own beauty salon.


Elizabeth Arden Biography – becoming a business owner

The next step in the career was her partnership with Mrs. Elizabeth Hubbard, who had already had her own line of beauty creams and tonics, but wanted to benefit from Florence’s treatment and selling skills. They opened their salon at 509 Fifth Avenue under the name of Mrs. Elizabeth Hubbard. Very soon the partners had disagreements on the financial issues and had to dissolve their partnership. Florence was quick to lease the existing salon in her own name.

Elizabeth Arden Biography – transformation to Elizabeth Arden

“Mrs. Elizabeth Arden” became the name of her own beauty salon. She considered her own name, Florence Nightingale Graham, unsuitable for the beauty business. Elizabeth Arden was chosen because it sounded almost like a music to her. Having chosen the business name, she soon started thinking about herself as Elizabeth Arden, the successful business woman. The new name gave her much more than a flair, it gave her self-confidence.

Mrs. Elizabeth Arden first salon was opened in 1910. It was almost an instant success. By then, Elizabeth had acquired the necessary understanding and skills to make her own products. Even more important, she had an intuition of how the beauty salon of her dreams should look like, and how to make her treatments so luxury, that the clients would look forward to their next appointment.

For the money borrowed from her brother, Elizabeth created her own products and re-decorated her salon with fine antique, having created the atmosphere of a rich comfort.

In the years to come Elizabeth Arden would acquire the reputation of a person who spent very extravagant amounts of money. But she always knew how to balance her accounts and how to spend money to make more money.

Her working days lasted 18 hours, but even in the most busy time she never missed her own facial treatments before going to bed.


Elizabeth Arden Biography – Business ideas and business growth

In 1912 Elizabeth Arden was one of the first to start experimenting with colors and tints for her cosmetic products. The Elizabeth Arden makeup was introduced very carefully and without advertising this service, as an addition to her regular treatments. The reward was high: the new service had put Elizabeth Arden far ahead of her competition.

She started offering Elizabeth Arden cosmetics via the departments stores – and the success amazed her.

The second Elizabeth Arden salon was opened in Washington, D. C., by renting a treatment room in an exclusive dress shop.

After her trip to Europe in 1914, Elizabeth Arden created her first eye makeup.

In 1929 she was offered 15 million dollars for her company. She was not tempted to accept the offer. Her whole life was in her business. Her two marriages were not successful, and she did not have children.

Elizabeth Arden loved to say that there were three American names known to anyone, everywhere on earth: Coco-Cola, Singer Sewing Machines and Elizabeth Arden cosmetics.

The Great Depression did not effect Elizabeth Arden business. In spite of many warnings to be careful with the growth of her activities, Elizabeth Arden never stopped expanding her business, offering more products and services to the customers. In addition to her treatments she started offering exercise classes for improving a figure, based on yoga exercises. She launched her perfume “Blue Grass” (named after the horse-breeding region), which became the best selling perfume. The Vienna Youth Mask, introduced by Elizabeth Arden during the darkest days of the Great Depression, was an instant success. Another innovation at that time was Elizabeth Arden spa - Maine Chance health spa with its strict diet, exercises and beauty treatments for the wealthy clients.

Elizabeth Arden died in 1966 at the age of eighty-seven. She never retired and never considered slowing down. The transition of the leadership in her cosmetic company was not covered in her will.




Elizabeth Arden Biography – the company at present

Elizabeth Arden cosmetic empire was bought by pharmaceutical company, Eli Lilli. After several changes of the ownership of the company, Elizabeth Arden cosmetic company was bought by FFI for $225 million. Elizabeth Arden is listed on the NASDAQ.

Catherine Zeta Zones is currently the ‘face’ of Elizabeth Arden.


Elizabeth Arden Biography
The "Face" of Elizabeth Arden



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